Wednesday, October 7, 2020

Flux Compactification - 2

Becker-Becker-Schwarz say in the discussion of references to their chapter on flux compactifications:

Flux compactifications were introduced in Strominger (1986) and De Wit,
Smith and Hari Dass (1987) as a generalization of conventional Calabi–Yau
compactifications. Such compactifications include a warp factor, so that the

ten-dimensional metric is no longer a direct product of the external and in-
ternal space-time. No-go theorems implied that in most cases such theories

reduce to ordinary Calabi–Yau compactifications. However, with the devel-
opment of nonperturbative string theory and M-theory, it became evident

that the no-go theorems could be circumvented. Flux compactifications were
first studied in the context of M-theory in Becker and Becker (1996) and in
the context of F-theory in Dasgupta, Rajesh and Sethi (1999). Giddings,
Kachru and Polchinski (2002) explained how flux compactifications can give
a large hierarchy of scales. Grana ̃ (2006) reviews flux compactifications.

 

I have said a few words about Strominger (1986) earlier. Next I intend to take up De Wit, Smith and Hari Dass (1987).

Flux Compactification - 1

 A.Strominger, Superstrings with Torsion, Nucl.Phys. B274(1986)253

According to Becker-Becker-Schwarz above is one of the two papers that introduced flux compactifications.

In this note I would like to extract the relevant information from the original paper to this effect.

The beginning statement of their abstract is following.

"The conditions for spacetime supersymmetry of the heterotic superstring in backgrounds with arbitrary metric, torsion, Yang-Mills and dilaton expectation values are determined using the sigma model approach"

This tells a lot about their task. Then there is the next info: "The equations are shown to agree to leading order in perturbation theory with those derived in a field theory approach, provided one considers a more general ansatz than in previous analyses by allowing for a warp factor". 

" Exact solutions with non-zero torsion are found, indicating a new class of finite sigma models".

"Brief comments are made on the implications for phenomenology".

The contents of the paper are as follows: 1. Introduction, 2. Supersymmetry in the Field Theory Approach, 3. Spacetime Supersymmetry in Sigma Model Approach, 4. Solutions, 4.1 Exact Solutions, 4.2 Orbifolds, 4.3 Perturbative Solutions, 4.4 Non-Kahler Manifolds and Flat Directions, 4.5 Discussion, 5. Conclusions

Which part and in what way is the introduction of flux compactifications is something that I shall point out later on.

Friday, April 17, 2020

Urdu - 3

A short video with Dr Ahmed Mujtaba Siddiqui

Q: Sir Syed ki kya ma'anviyat hai aur Sir Syed ki zaat ki aaj ke daur mein kya ahamiyat hai?

A: Mein samajhta hoon ke kuchh shakhsiyatein, jin mein se Sir Syed ek hai, sau, do sau aur teen so saal mein hee wadiyat hoti hain jin ke naseeb mein koi tajdeedi karnama likha hota hai. Uhke hawale se ye tajdeedi karnama likha tha ki barr-e-sagheer Hindustan ke musalmanon ke ta'aleemi ma'iyar ko nikharne mein, usko saiqal karne mein, mustaqbil ko roshan karne mein ek kaleedi kirdar ada karein.

Friday, March 20, 2020

Urdu - 2

Hamare mehmanan tashreef la rahe hain bharpoor taliyon ke sath istaqbal kijiye.

Urdu zaban-oadab, Urdu shayari ki abru Janab Gulzar Sahab aur Dr Sukrita Paul Sahiba ko bharpoor taliyon ke sath  khushamadeed kehte huway.

Is stage ke waqar ko, iske iftikhar ko dobala kar diya.

Khawateen-e-hazrat Urdu zaban aur Gulzar Sahab ko ek doosre se alag karke dekhna namumkin hai.

Urdu zaban-o-adab ne Hindi cinema aur Urdu Shayari se wabasta Gulzar Sahab ko auj-e-kamal tak pahunchaya. Aur khud Gulzar Sahab ki badaulat Urdu zaban wahan tak pahunchi jahan tak pahunchna kisi khwab se kam na tha.

Ji han hamari murad Gulzar Sahab ke naghme Jai Ho se hai jis ke liye Oscar Award apke nam se mautbar huwa.

Gulzar Sahab afsana nigar hain, film director hain, script writer hain, muqalma navees hain aur apne adab-e-atfal ya'ani bachchon ke adab par kafi kam kiya hai. Aala paye ke mutarjim hain.

Sahiya academy award, Filmfare award, national film award, Padam Bhusan se lekar Oscar tak sab apke nam se mautbar ho chuke hain.

Apke bare mein jo kuchh kaha jaye woh kam hai. Bahut kuchh kehne ki to is zaban ko taqat nahin hai, yara nahin hai magar sirf itna keh sakte hai ki:

Hum ne ik umr mein kya kya na jahan dekhe hain...

Kisi shayar ne aisee hee kisi hasti ke bare mein apne jazbat in alfaz mein qalamband kiye hain ki:


Hum ne ik umr mein kya kya na jahan dekhe hain...
AsmaN dekhe hai aur kar-e-nihaN dekhe hain




Dil ne har zarre ke hamrah dhadakna seekha
Tab nawaoon mein ye mana ke jahan dekhe hain


Ek bar phir Gulzar Sahab ko bharpoor taliyon ke sath khush amadeed kehte hain.




Aur Gulzar sahab ke sath is guftgu mein shamil hain, bahut badi sa'adat hai jo ki Dr Sukrita Paul ke hisse mein aa rahi hai. Humko achchhi tarah yad hai ki guzishta Jashn-e-Rekhta mein ye Javed Sahab se hum kalam thein aur is bar Dr Sukrita Paul sahiba Gulzar sahab ke sath shareek-e-gyftgu hongi.



Ma'aroof adeeba hain, scholar hain, critique hain, hassas shayra hain, ilmi aur adabi zauq apko apne walid se wirse mein mila hai, jise apne apni takhliqi salahiyaton se mazeed jila bakhshi hai.


Women's study ke alawa tarjumanigari mein bhi maharat hasil hai aur hindustan ki sakhafati rangarangi aur adabi pairaye ko apne badi khoobsoorati ke sath qalam band kiya hai.

Humare in donon mehmanon ko khishamadeed kehte huway hum guftgu ke agaz ke liye guzarish kerte hain.

Apni khoobsoorat guftagi ka agaz karein.







Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Corona Days

Shouq-e-Watan (Desire for the Aakhirah)

Hazrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi (RA)

Author: Hazrat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi (RA)

Showqe Watan - the hereafter is our original watan (abode, home country), and is worthy of being desired. Our negligence and carelessness have made us totally forget. This booklet will remove such negligence and make us desire our original abode.

The Glad Tidings, Respect and Honour for a Muslim at the time of Death

The virtues of plague

The respect and love for a Mu-min on earth

Honour and respect at the time of tajhiiz and takfiin (preparation for burial)

Preference for Death over Life

Preface

The benefit of a difficult death for some Mu-mins

The reward for illness and hardships

The respect and love for a Mu-min in the skies

The meeting and conversing of the ruh’s after death

The Malaa’ikah accompanying the Janaaza

Dua’aa for the desire of the Aa-khirah

Comfort and Ease in the Mah-shar

The Bodily and Ruhani ( soulful) pleasures of Jannah

Appendix

Blessings and favours of the Barzakh

Urdu - 1

Mehfil-e-fikr nayi, naghma naya, saaz naye
Jazba-e-shauq ne bakshe hain sab andaz naye

Soz-o-saaz ki ek nayi mehfil apke samne arasta hai. Is mehfil ki raunaq ko dobala kar rahe hain Aligarh se tashreef laye huway maroof fankar Johny Forster. Mausiqi aur gayaki ki duniya mein aap apni misaal khud aap hain.